China’s impressive rise in life expectancy over the past five decades is a testament to its remarkable development and commitment to public health. According to the World Bank, the average life expectancy at birth in China has nearly doubled from 40 years in 1961 to a robust 78 years in 2021. This places China among the top nations with the fastest increases in life expectancy globally.
Back in 1961, China's life expectancy was significantly lower than the world average, particularly comparing to upper and higher-middle-income countries. Fast forward to 2021, and the scenario has completely transformed. China's life expectancy not only surpassed the global average by 6.1 years but also exceeded the upper-middle-income countries by 1.8 years. The gap with high-income countries has notably narrowed to just 3.2 years, showcasing the strides made in health and well-being.
But it’s not just about living longer. Key health indicators such as maternal and infant mortality rates have seen significant declines, outperforming the average levels of upper-middle-income countries.
So, what’s driving this incredible progress? Here are the five key factors:
Increased Health Funding: China has consistently boosted its health budget, with total national health expenditure skyrocketing from 11 billion yuan in 1978 to a staggering 7.55 trillion yuan in 2021. Per capita health spending also surged from 11 yuan to around 5,400 yuan, ensuring better healthcare services for all.
Improved Accessibility: The number of medical and health institutions in China grew from 270,000 in 1961 to over 1.03 million in 2021. The Sixth Survey of National Health Services revealed that nearly 90% of Chinese families can now reach the nearest medical center within just 15 minutes.
Expanded Medical Security: China established the world’s largest basic medical security network, covering up to 1.35 billion people with a coverage rate exceeding 95%. This ensures that vast populations have access to essential health services.
Strengthened Public Health Services: A strong focus on disease prevention and the promotion of healthy lifestyles has been pivotal. China has diligently built and improved its disease prevention and control systems, fostering a healthier society.
Equitable Health Services: Prioritizing community-level and rural healthcare has made health services more accessible to vulnerable groups, including women, children, the elderly, the disabled, and the poor. This commitment to equity has been crucial in enhancing overall public health.
China's dedication to people-centered development and continuous healthcare reforms have paved the way for these outstanding health outcomes. As China moves forward, maintaining and building upon these achievements will be key to ensuring a healthier future for its citizens.
According to the World Bank, the average life expectancy at birth in China has nearly doubled from 40 years in 1961 to a robust 78 years in 2021. This places China among the top nations with the fastest increases in life expectancy globally.
